Written by Dr. David Kirkby, G8WRB. email davek@medphys.ucl.ac.uk
The programme input allows one to specify the dimenions and location of all the antenna elements interactively. You would use this when you have a design you wish to evaluate.
The manual page input.1
describes all the options of input. The manual page input.5
describes the file format for input. However, it is better to read
this page before looking at the man pages.
In the following example, we will create a 2 element antenna for 14.2 MHz. The data will now be written to the file name 'example2'
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % input
Yagi-Uda antenna analysis programs, version 1.13
Written by Dr. David Kirkby Ph.D. (G8WRB, email:davek@medphys.ucl.ac.uk)
This program asks for length, diameter and position of antenna elements
then
writes them to a file you specify. Data is written in m (metres)
Enter any notes on this design (upto 400 characters): 2 ele beam
Enter a filename to write data to example2
Enter the centre frequency in MHz 14.1
Enter the minimum frequency in MHz 13.8
Enter the maximum frequency in MHz 14.6
Enter the frequency steps in MHz .05
Data can be entered in imperial (inches) meteric (mm) or wavelengths
(lambda)
Please enter i (for imperial), m (for metric) or w (for wavelengths).
w
Enter the number of elements for the antenna 2
Enter the angular step size in degrees for the gain to be ploted
15
Are all the elements of the same diameter ? y
Enter the diameter of the elements (in lambda) 0.00526
Enter the x component of the centre of the driven element (in lambda)0.1
Enter length of element (in lambda)0.48167
Enter the x component of the reflector (normaly 0.0) 0.0
Enter the length of that element (in lambda) 0.48167
Now we will inspect the file example 2. Note that the dimensions of the elements are written in metres, not wavelengths. This always happens, no matter what units you use to input data. We will see that the programme input just writes the data to the text file in the same format as the programme first.
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % cat example2
NOTES 2 ele beam
FREQUENCY 14.100000
MIN_FREQUENCY 13.800000
MAX_FREQUENCY 14.600000
STEP_FREQUENCY 0.050000
ELEMENTS 2
DRIVEN 1
PARASITIC 1
ANGULAR_STEP 15.000000
#DATA_DRIVEN x
y length diameter
voltage(r) voltage(i)
DATA_DRIVEN 2.12766 0.00000
10.24830 0.11191 1.00000
0.00000
#DATA_PARASITIC x
y length diameter
DATA_PARASITIC
0.00000 0.00000 10.24830
0.11191 reflector
We will now calculate the elements currents using yagi.
To avoid the programming printing to stdout things like
yagi compleated 0.0% f=13800000.000000 MHz
yagi compleated 6.2% f=13850000.000000 MHz
etc, we will use the -s flag to yagi and suppress the
output.
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % yagi -s example2
The we use ouput to calculate the performance, but again
use the -s option to suppress diagnostic output.
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % output -s example2
Numerical Recipes run-time error...
Root must be bracketed in ZBRENT - try the -e or -h options to
output
...now exiting to system...
This has shown a problem. One of the numerical routines has failed. This is becuase the programme tries to find the 3 dB E and H plane beamwidths, but has faild to do this.
We will first try to supporess the calculation of the E field 3 dB beamwidth to see if that stops the problem.
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % output -s -e example2
Numerical Recipes run-time error...
Root must be bracketed in ZBRENT - try the -e or -h options to
output
...now exiting to system...
That did not work, so now try the -h option to suppress calculation of the 3 dB H-plane beamwidth.
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % output -s -h example2
That worked fine, so we can inspect the performance of the antenna.
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % cat example2.dat
# Driven=1 parasitic=1 total-elements=2 design=14.100MHz
# Checked from 13.800MHz to 14.600MHz.
f(MHz) E(deg) H(deg) R jX
SWR Gain(dBi) FB(dB)
SideLobes(dB)
13.800 59.5 0.0 9.21 -7.90
5.570 4.658 -1.981
0.000
13.850 60.4 0.0 9.14 -3.47
5.496 5.344 -0.926
0.000
13.900 61.2 0.0 9.24
0.97 5.415 5.896
0.091 0.000
13.950 62.0 0.0 9.48
5.39 5.335 6.325
1.075 0.000
14.000 62.6 0.0 9.88
9.79 5.264 6.646
2.026 0.000
14.050 63.3 0.0 10.41 14.15
5.206 6.873
2.946 0.000
14.100 63.8 0.0 11.06 18.45
5.165 7.024
3.835 0.000
14.150 64.3 0.0 11.82 22.70
5.143 7.114
4.692 0.000
14.200 64.8 0.0 12.68 26.87
5.140 7.156
5.514 0.000
14.250 65.2 0.0 13.63 30.98
5.154 7.162
6.298 0.000
14.300 65.4 0.0 14.65 35.00
5.185 7.142
7.038 0.000
14.350 65.8 0.0 15.74 38.96
5.229 7.103
7.730 0.000
14.400 66.1 0.0 16.87 42.83
5.286 7.050
8.365 0.000
14.450 66.4 0.0 18.05 46.63
5.353 6.988
8.937 0.000
14.500 66.6 0.0 19.27 50.36
5.429 6.920
9.441 0.000
14.550 66.8 0.0 20.51 54.02
5.514 6.849
9.872 0.000
14.600 67.0 0.0 21.76 57.62
5.605 6.775 10.226
0.000
Note the H-filed beamwidth is not shown, although it is for the E-field, as we needed to suppress the H-field data to stop the numerical error.
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src % cat example2.dat
# Driven=1 parasitic=1 total-elements=2 design=14.100MHz
# Checked from 13.800MHz to 14.600MHz.
f(MHz) E(deg) H(deg) R jX
SWR Gain(dBi) FB(dB)
SideLobes(dB)
13.800 59.5 0.0 9.21 -7.90
5.570 4.658 -1.981
0.000
13.850 60.4 0.0 9.14 -3.47
5.496 5.344 -0.926
0.000
13.900 61.2 0.0 9.24
0.97 5.415 5.896
0.091 0.000
13.950 62.0 0.0 9.48
5.39 5.335 6.325
1.075 0.000
14.000 62.6 0.0 9.88
9.79 5.264 6.646
2.026 0.000
14.050 63.3 0.0 10.41 14.15
5.206 6.873
2.946 0.000
14.100 63.8 0.0 11.06 18.45
5.165 7.024
3.835 0.000
14.150 64.3 0.0 11.82 22.70
5.143 7.114
4.692 0.000
14.200 64.8 0.0 12.68 26.87
5.140 7.156
5.514 0.000
14.250 65.2 0.0 13.63 30.98
5.154 7.162
6.298 0.000
14.300 65.4 0.0 14.65 35.00
5.185 7.142
7.038 0.000
14.350 65.8 0.0 15.74 38.96
5.229 7.103
7.730 0.000
14.400 66.1 0.0 16.87 42.83
5.286 7.050
8.365 0.000
14.450 66.4 0.0 18.05 46.63
5.353 6.988
8.937 0.000
14.500 66.6 0.0 19.27 50.36
5.429 6.920
9.441 0.000
14.550 66.8 0.0 20.51 54.02
5.514 6.849
9.872 0.000
14.600 67.0 0.0 21.76 57.62
5.605 6.775 10.226
0.000
parrot /export/home/davek/yagiu113/src %
At the design frequency (14.1 MHz) our antenna has a gain of 7.024 dBi and an input Z of 11.06 + j18.45 Ohms.
The could be optimised like any other design with optimise.